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The process by which nerve cells are coated with insulation that erihances the speed and efficiency of the information traveling through the nervous system is known as encephalization. axon extension. myelination. synapsis.

Pergunta

The process by which nerve cells are coated with insulation that erihances the
speed and efficiency of the information traveling through the nervous system is
known as
encephalization.
axon extension.
myelination.
synapsis.

The process by which nerve cells are coated with insulation that erihances the speed and efficiency of the information traveling through the nervous system is known as encephalization. axon extension. myelination. synapsis.

Solução

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ManuelVeterano · Tutor por 12 anos

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The correct answer is:<br /><br />**myelination.**<br /><br />### Explanation:<br />Myelination is the process by which nerve cells (neurons) are coated with a fatty substance called **myelin**, which forms an insulating sheath around the axons of neurons. This insulation enhances the speed and efficiency of electrical signals traveling through the nervous system. Myelin is produced by specialized glial cells: **Schwann cells** in the peripheral nervous system and **oligodendrocytes** in the central nervous system.<br /><br />- **Encephalization** refers to the increase in brain size relative to body size during evolution.<br />- **Axon extension** refers to the growth of axons as they reach their target cells during neural development.<br />- **Synapsis** is a term used in genetics, referring to the pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, not related to myelination.<br /><br />Thus, **myelination** is the correct term for this process.
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