'Explain the political philosophies of Hobbes, Locke,Voltaire ; Montesquieu , and Rousseau.

The correct answer is: Hobbes, Locke, Voltaire, Montesquieu, and Rousseau.<br /><br />Thomas Hobbes was a political philosopher who believed in the concept of a social contract, where individuals give up some of their freedoms in exchange for protection and order provided by a central authority. He is best known for his work "Leviathan," which argues for a strong, centralized government to prevent chaos and war.<br /><br />John Locke was another political philosopher who also believed in the social contract, but he placed a greater emphasis on individual rights and the protection of life, liberty, and property. He argued that the government's role is to protect these rights, and if it fails to do so, the people have the right to overthrowVoltaire was a French Enlightenment philosopher known for his advocacy of civil liberties, including freedom of speech and religion. He criticized absolute monarchy and the Catholic Church, and promoted the idea of separation of church and state.<br /><br />Montesquieu was a French political philosopher who is best known for his theory of the separation of powers, which divides the government into three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. He believed that this separation would prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful and ensure a system of checks and balances.<br /><br />Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a Genevan philosopher who believed in the concept of the "noble savage," or the idea that humans are inherently good but are corrupted by society. He argued that the best form of government is one that reflects the general will of the people, and he was critical of inequality and the concentration of power in the hands of a few.